Span

Definition

A span is the distance between supports for a beam, girder, truss, vault, arch, or other horizontal structural device. It also refers to the act of carrying a load between supports and the distance between the bearings of a timber or arch.

Purpose

The purpose of a span is to define the length over which a structural element extends without intermediate supports, determining its load-bearing capacity and design considerations.

Examples of Use

• Bridges are designed with specific spans to accommodate the distance between piers or abutments.
• Roof trusses are engineered to span the width of a building, providing support for the roof structure.
• Beams in floor systems span between columns or walls to support the load of the building above.

Related Terms

• Beam: A horizontal structural member that spans and supports loads.
• Girder: A large beam that supports other beams or trusses.
• Truss: A framework of beams forming a rigid structure, often used to span large distances.

Notes

The design and analysis of spans are critical in structural engineering, requiring careful consideration of materials, load distribution, and support conditions to ensure safety and performance.

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